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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalam | om šüβal |
| 2SG: | šüβalat | ot šüβal |
| 3SG: | šüβaleš | ok/ogeš šüβal |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šüβal |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šüβal |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑t | ogə̑t šüβal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβal'ə̑m | šə̑m šüβal |
| 2SG: | šüβal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šüβal |
| 3SG: | šüβal'e | ə̑š šüβal |
| 1PL: | šüβalna | ə̑šna šüβal |
| 2PL: | šüβalda | ə̑šda šüβal |
| 3PL: | šüβal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št šüβal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalə̑nam | šüβalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šüβalə̑nat | šüβalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šüβalə̑n | šüβalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑nna | šüβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑nda | šüβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑nə̑t | šüβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalam ə̑l'e | om šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüβalat ə̑l'e | ot šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüβaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šüβal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalam ulmaš | om šüβal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šüβalat ulmaš | ot šüβal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüβaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šüβal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šüβal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šüβal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šüβal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalə̑nam ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüβalə̑nat ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüβalə̑n ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑nna ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑nda ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šüβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalə̑nam ulmaš | šüβalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šüβalə̑nat ulmaš | šüβalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüβalə̑n ulmaš | šüβalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šüβalə̑nna ulmaš | šüβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šüβalə̑nda ulmaš | šüβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šüβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šüβal | it šüβal |
| 3SG: | šüβalže | ə̑nže šüβal |
| 1PL: | (šüβalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šüβal) |
| 2PL: | šüβalza | ida šüβal |
| 3PL: | šüβalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šüβal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalnem | ə̑nem šüβal |
| 2SG: | šüβalnet | ə̑net šüβal |
| 3SG: | šüβalneže | ə̑než šüβal |
| 1PL: | šüβalnena | ə̑nena šüβal |
| 2PL: | šüβalneda | ə̑neda šüβal |
| 3PL: | šüβalnešt | ə̑nešt šüβal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šüβalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šüβalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šüβalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šüβalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šüβalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šüβal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šüβalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šüβal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šüβalnet ulmaš | ə̑net šüβal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šüβalneže ulmaš | ə̑než šüβal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šüβalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šüβal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šüβalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šüβal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šüβalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šüβalman |
| Active participle: | šüβalše |
| Passive participle: | šüβalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šüβalšaš |
| Negative participle: | šüβaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šüβalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šüβalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šüβalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šüβalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šüβalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šüβalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šüβaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||